| ✘- Must not drive | ! - May continue to drive subject to medical advice and/or notifying DVLA | ✓- May continue to drive and need not notify DVLA |
Anxiety or depression – mild to moderate
| Group 1 car and motorcycle | Group 2 bus and lorry | |
|---|---|---|
| Without significant memory or concentration problems, agitation, behavioural disturbance or suicidal thoughts | ✓- May drive and need not notify DVLA. See Appendix E for medication considerations relevant to driving. | ✓- May drive and need not notify DVLA. For other cases, refer to ‘severe’ below. See Appendix E for medication considerations relevant to driving. |
Persistent alcohol and/or drug misuse or dependence
- See Chapter 5
- If psychiatric illness has been associated with substance misuse, continued misuse contraindicates driving or licensing
Severe anxiety or depression
Note: effects of severe illness are of greater importance for their relevance to driving than medication – see Appendix E, for the additional considerations on medication.
| Group 1 car and motorcycle | Group 2 bus and lorry | |
|---|---|---|
| Significant memory or concentration problems, agitation, behavioural disturbance or suicidal thoughts | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Particular danger would be posed by those who may attempt suicide at the wheel. Licensing may be granted after 3 months if: ■ the person has been well and stable | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Particular danger would be posed by those who may attempt suicide at the wheel. Licensing may be granted after 6 months if: ■ the person has been well and stable DVLA may need reports from a specialist in psychiatry. Driving is usually permitted after 6 months if the anxiety or depression has been long-standing but symptoms are under control and if maintenance on a dosage of psychotropic medication does not cause impairment. |
Psychotic disorder – including acute episode
Persistent alcohol and/or drug misuse or dependence
- See Chapter 5.
- If psychiatric illness has been associated with substance misuse, continued misuse, contraindicates driving or licensing.
| Group 1 car and motorcycle | Group 2 bus and lorry | |
|---|---|---|
| ✘- Must not drive during acute illness and must notify DVLA. Licensing may be considered if all of these conditions are met: ■ remained well and stable for at least 3 months A lack of insight which impacts upon the ability to drive safely would be a bar to licensing. Drivers with a history of instability and/or poor engagement with treatment will be required not to drive for a longer period before any relicensing. | ✘- Must not drive during acute illness and must notify DVLA. Licensing may be considered if all of these conditions are met: ■ remained well and stable for at least 12 months A lack of insight which impacts upon the ability to drive safely would be a bar to licensing. The minimum effective antipsychotic dosage should be sought, in line with good practice. Drug tolerability should be optimal and not associated with any deficits that might impair driving, such as to alertness, concentration or motor performance. Established illness with a history suggesting a likelihood of relapse: the risk of this needs to be considered low. DVLA will normally require the report of a specialist in psychiatry that specifically addresses the above issues as relevant to driving before it may grant a licence. |
Hypomania or mania
Persistent alcohol and/or drug misuse or dependence
- See Chapter 5.
- If psychiatric illness has been associated with substance misuse, continued misuse, contraindicates driving or licensing.
For Group 2 bus and lorry driving, in both stable and unstable conditions:
- the minimum effective dosage of any antipsychotic medication should be sought, in line with good practice. Drug tolerability should be optimal and not associated with any deficits that might impair driving, such as to alertness, concentration or motor performance
- established illness with a history to suggest a likelihood of relapse: the risk of this must be considered low.
| Group 1 car and motorcycle | Group 2 bus and lorry | |
|---|---|---|
| Stable There must be no driving during any acute illness. | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Licensing may be considered if all of these conditions are met: ■ remained well and stable for at least 3 months A lack of insight which impacts upon the ability to drive safely would be a bar to licensing. | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Licensing may be considered if all of these conditions are met: ■ remained well and stable for at least 12 months A lack of insight which impacts upon the ability to drive safely would be a bar to licensing. See note above for both stable and unstable conditions. |
| Unstable 4 or more episodes of significant mood swing in the previous 12 months. Particular danger would be posed by driving if there is hypomania or mania with repeated change of mood. In all cases, there must be no driving during any acute illness. | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Licensing may be considered if all of these conditions are met: ■ remained well and stable for at least 6 months A lack of insight which impacts upon the ability to drive safely would be a bar to licensing. | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Licensing may be considered if all of these conditions are met: ■ remained well and stable for at least 12 months A lack of insight which impacts upon the ability to drive safely would be a bar to licensing See note above for both stable and unstable conditions. |
Schizophrenia – and other chronic relapsing/remitting disorders
Persistent alcohol and/or drug misuse or dependence
- See Chapter 5.
- If psychiatric illness has been associated with substance misuse, continued misuse, contraindicates driving or licensing.
| Group 1 car and motorcycle | Group 2 bus and lorry | |
|---|---|---|
| There must be no driving during any acute illness Driving would be particularly dangerous if psychotic symptoms relate to other road users | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Licensing may be considered if all of these conditions are met: ■ remained well and stable for at least 3 months Continuing symptoms: even with limited insight, continuing symptoms do not necessarily preclude licensing. However a lack of insight which impacts upon the ability to drive safely would be a bar to licensing. Symptoms should be unlikely to cause significant concentration problems, memory impairment or distraction while driving. | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Licensing may be considered if all of these conditions are met: ■ remained well and stable for at least 12 months. A longer period of stability may be required if there is a history of relapses Further: ■ the minimum effective dosage of any antipsychotic medication should be sought, in line with good practice Drug tolerability should be optimal and not associated with any deficits that might impair driving, such as to alertness, concentration or motor performance A lack of insight which impacts upon the ability to drive safely would be a bar to licensing. |
Neurological developmental conditions
| Group 1 car and motorcycle | Group 2 bus and lorry | |
|---|---|---|
| Any neurological developmental conditions including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum condition and other related conditions | ! - May be able to drive but must notify DVLA if condition affects the ability to drive safely. A diagnosis of any of these conditions is not in itself a bar to licensing. DVLA must be notified if there are any significant issues with the following, either singly or in combination, to a degree that would raise concerns about an individual’s ability to drive safely. These are: ■ attention and concentration If your patient is diagnosed with a neurological developmental condition but has passed a driving test, the attributes for safe driving will already have been demonstrated at that time. DVLA will only need to be notified if there is a change to their condition, or if you have any concerns around their ability to drive safely. DVLA must be informed if prescribed medication or any side effects of the medication are likely to impair safe driving. | ! - May be able to drive but must notify DVLA if condition affects the ability to drive safely. A diagnosis of any of these conditions is not in itself a bar to licensing. DVLA must be notified if there are any significant issues with the following, either singly or in combination, to a degree that would raise concerns about an individual’s ability to drive safely. These are: ■ attention and concentration If your patient is diagnosed with a neurological developmental condition but has passed a driving test, the attributes for safe driving will already have been demonstrated at that time. DVLA will only need to be notified if there is a change to their condition, or if you have any concerns around their ability to drive safely. DVLA must be informed if prescribed medication or any side effects of the medication are likely to impair safe driving. |
Cognitive impairment (not mild dementia)
| Group 1 car and motorcycle | Group 2 bus and lorry | |
|---|---|---|
| No likely driving impairment | ✓- May drive and need not notify DVLA. | ✓- May drive and need not notify DVLA. |
| Possible driving impairment | ! - It is difficult to assess driving ability in people with CI. DVLA acknowledges that there are varied presentations and rates of progression, and the decision on licensing is usually based on medical reports. Considerations include: ■ poor short-term memory, disorientation, and lack of insight and judgement almost certainly mean not fit to drive A formal driving assessment may be necessary (see Appendix G). A licence may be issued subject to review. | ! - It is difficult to assess driving ability in people with CI. DVLA acknowledges that there are varied presentations and rates of progression, and the decision on licensing is usually based on medical reports. Considerations include: ■ poor short-term memory, disorientation, and lack of insight and judgement almost certainly mean not fit to drive A licence may be issued subject to review. |
Persistent alcohol and/or drug misuse or dependence
- See Chapter 5.
- If psychiatric illness has been associated with substance misuse, continued misuse contraindicates driving or licensing.
Dementia – and/or any organic syndrome affecting cognitive functioning
| Group 1 car and motorcycle | Group 2 bus and lorry | |
|---|---|---|
| ! - May be able to drive but must notify DVLA. It is difficult to assess driving ability in people with dementia. DVLA acknowledges that there are varied presentations and rates of progression, and the decision on licensing is usually based on medical reports. Considerations include: ■ poor short-term memory, disorientation, and lack of insight and judgement almost certainly mean no fitness to drive A formal driving assessment may be necessary (see Appendix G). | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Licensing will be refused or revoked. |
Learning disability
Definition of severe learning disability followed by DVLA
Significantly below average general intellectual functioning, accompanied by severe limitations in adaptive functioning in at least 2 of these areas:
- communication
- functional academic skills
- self-care
- work
- home-living
- leisure
- social/interpersonal skills
- health and safety
- self-direction
| Group 1 car and motorcycle | Group 2 bus and lorry | |
|---|---|---|
| Mild learning disability Learning difficulty is not included. Dyslexia, dyscalculia, and so on, are no bar to ordinary Group 1 licences being awarded after successful driving tests, and DVLA need not be informed | ! - May be able to drive but must notify DVLA. Licensing will be granted provided there are no other relevant problems. DVLA may require an assessment of adequate functional ability at the wheel. The DVSA driving test is considered the arbiter as to whether the condition affects the ability to drive safely. | ! - May be able to drive but must notify DVLA. Licensing may be granted provided there are only minor degrees of learning disability and the condition is stable with no medical or psychiatric complications. |
| Severe | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Licensing will be refused. | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Licensing will be refused. |
Behavioural disorders – including post-head injury, dissociative seizures
| Group 1 car and motorcycle | Group 2 bus and lorry | |
|---|---|---|
| Severe disturbance with syndrome post-head injury, for example | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Licensing will be refused or revoked if there is serious disturbance – for example, violent behaviour or alcohol abuse likely to be a source of danger at the wheel. Licensing may be granted after medical reports confirm satisfactory control and stability of behavioural disturbances. | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Licensing will be refused or revoked if there is serious disturbance – for example, violent behaviour or alcohol abuse likely to be a source of danger at the wheel. Licensing may be granted if a specialist confirms satisfactory control and stability. |
Personality disorders
| Group 1 car and motorcycle | Group 2 bus and lorry | |
|---|---|---|
| Severe disturbance | ! - May be able to drive but must notify DVLA. Licensing will be refused or revoked if there is likely to be danger at the wheel. Licensing may be granted if behavioural disturbance is: ■ not related to driving | ✘- Must not drive and must notify DVLA. Licensing will be refused or revoked if there is likely to be danger at the wheel. Licensing may be given consideration if behavioural disturbance is: ■ not related to driving |
Published 11 March 2016
Last updated 22 June 2022 +show all updates
-
“Acute Psychotic disorder” renamed to “Psychotic disorder – including acute episode”“Mild cognitive impairment (not mild dementia)” renamed to “Cognitive impairment (not mild dementia)”Mild-moderate anxiety or depression no longer requires notification for Group 2 licensingSevere anxiety or depression – period of stability required for Group 1 licensing clarifiedBehaviour Disorders – clarification of standardPersonality Disorders – clarification of standard
-
Changes to the style of the text.
-
Clarification regarding the requirement of insight in relation to psychoses, mania/hypomania and schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder.The introduction of new standards regarding neurological developmental conditions.
-
Panel update
(Video) Fitness to Drive - Fiona Landgren -
Amendment to standards for mild cognitive impairment and learning disability.
-
First published.
FAQs
How does your mental condition affects your driving ability? ›
But too much stress can interfere with your driving. Stress creates physical and mental fatigue, slowing your reaction time, and reducing your ability to concentrate. It may cause you to behave erratically or be less tolerant of other drivers and road conditions.
What is Skitsofrenia? ›Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder in which people interpret reality abnormally. Schizophrenia may result in some combination of hallucinations, delusions, and extremely disordered thinking and behavior that impairs daily functioning, and can be disabling.
Can people with psychosis drive a car? ›While many people with bipolar disorder can drive safely, there are several important factors that could affect your driving fitness. These include having severe episodes of psychosis or mania, being on medication that prohibits driving, or having another health condition that makes driving unsafe.
Can you drive if you have bipolar? ›If you have bipolar, it may have implications for driving. You must inform the following about any medical condition you have that could affect your ability to drive: The Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) (Includes the correct form for doing so) Your insurance company.
What are 4 emotional conditions that can affect your driving? ›Stress, fear, anxiety, and other emotional states of mind can and will impair your driving ability. Distraction—not paying attention—is the number one cause of car collisions. Stress and fatigue are major sources of distractions.
What disorders affect driving? ›- Cataracts. Cataracts occur when the lens of the eye becomes opaque, causing blurred vision. ...
- Dementia. Dementia is a condition affecting memory, thinking, and social skills. ...
- Macular degeneration. ...
- Epilepsy.
Symptoms. Oneirophrenia is often described as a dream-like state that can lead to hallucinations and confusion. Feelings and emotions are often disturbed but information from the senses is left intact separating it from true schizophrenia.
What is a Alogia? ›Some people are naturally quiet and don't say much. But if you have a serious mental illness, brain injury, or dementia, talking might be hard. This lack of conversation is called alogia, or “poverty of speech.”
What does Hebephrenic schizophrenia mean? ›The hebephrenic or disorganized subtype of schizophrenia is typified by shallow and inappropriate emotional responses, foolish or bizarre behaviour, false beliefs (delusions), and false perceptions (hallucinations).
What mental illnesses can you not drive with? ›- Major depression.
- Bipolar disorder.
- Schizophrenia.
- Personality disorders with aggressive or dangerous behaviors.
- Recent suicidal or homicidal ideation.
Does psychosis affect motor skills? ›
In psychosis, deficits in a variety of motor behaviors are present, including postural control,31,32 motor learning,33 and eye-blink conditioning.
What two conditions can bring on psychosis? ›Psychosis can be caused by a mental (psychological) condition, a general medical condition, or alcohol or drug misuse.
Is it safe to drive while dissociating? ›So remember -- you are absolutely safe when driving with Depersonalization! Yes, feelings of dissociation while driving can seem scary initially, but don't let anxiety stop you from doing any of your day-to-day activities, and that 100% includes driving. Get into your car and drive, even if it's for a short distance.
What is end stage bipolar disorder? ›Although there is no official classification for end stage bipolar disorder, mild structural changes in the brain that lead to cognitive dysfunction can severely reduce someone's quality of life, especially toward the end of life.
What not to say to bipolar? ›- #1 You sound a little down today. ...
- #2 I thought you were taking your medication. ...
- #3 You're too smart to have bipolar disorder. ...
- #4 You know he's “bipolar,” don't you? ...
- #5 Stop acting like a fool! ...
- #6 It doesn't take much to set you off! ...
- #7 You're lazy and don't have a life anymore.
- Drunk Driving. Safety is NHTSA's number one priority. ...
- Drug-Impaired Driving. Many types of drugs and medication, both legal and illegal, can impair your ability to drive safely. ...
- Distracted Driving. ...
- Seat Belts. ...
- Speeding. ...
- Drowsy Driving.
Anger occurs more often to drivers than any other emotion. Aggressive driving is driving without regards for others' safety. Road Rage is driving with the intent of harming others. Never confront someone who has made you mad on the road.
What is the most driving emotion? ›Research conducted by the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety found that “almost 80% of all drivers affirmed that they had experienced extreme anger, aggression, or road rage while driving.” Emotional driving is a growing problem.
What is dyspraxia driving? ›Dyspraxia causes individuals to struggle with short-term memory and this can greatly affect a learner driver's ability to remember instructions given, in either a test or a driving lesson. It can mean that they may perform a manoeuvre or driving instruction really well at first and the next few times they can't do it.
What is the anxiety disorder when driving? ›Amaxophobia (also called hamaxophobia) makes you feel anxious or fearful when you drive or ride in a vehicle, such as a car, bus or plane. With it, you have a fear of driving and may also get anxious being a passenger. This fear can interfere with work, socializing and travel.
Does anxiety disorder affect driving? ›
People who have an anxiety disorder may experience symptoms while driving. For example, GAD may cause someone to have difficulty concentrating or making decisions while driving. This may lead to a person losing confidence in their driving ability.
What is state of mind psychosis? ›Psychosis (also called a 'psychotic experience' or 'psychotic episode') is when you perceive or interpret reality in a very different way from people around you. You might be said to 'lose touch' with reality.
What is Oneirophobia? ›Oneirophobia (from Greek όνειρο (oneiro), meaning "dream", and φόβος (phobos), meaning "fear") is the fear of dreams. It is discussed in The Dream Frontier, a book by Mark Blechner, a neuro-psychoanalyst at the William Alanson White Institute. Oneirophobia. Specialty.
Is Derealisation a psychosis? ›This is Not Psychosis
People with schizophrenia or psychosis commonly experience hallucinations or delusions that are difficult to distinguish from reality. Individuals with DR may feel strange about themselves or their surroundings, but they do not typically experience hallucinations or delusions.
Palilalia may occur in conditions affecting the prefrontal cortex or basal ganglia regions, either from physical trauma, neurodegenerative disorders, genetic disorders, or a loss of dopamine in these brain regions.
What is nihilistic delusion? ›Nihilistic delusion (ND) is one of an assortment of narrowly defined monothematic delusions characterized by nihilistic beliefs about self's existence or life itself.
What is Tangentiality? ›[1] Tangentiality refers to a disturbance in the thought process that causes the individual to relate excessive or irrelevant detail that never reaches the essential point of a conversation or the desired answer to a question.
What is word salad in schizophrenia? ›Word salad is a type of dysfunctional language, sometimes seen in those with schizophrenia, consisting of an odd mix of seemingly random words and phrases. Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder that affects how a person interprets reality.
What is a flattened affect? ›You may be elated or depressed, but others can't tell. You may seem uncaring and unresponsive, but you're still feeling an emotion. This is called flat affect. Flat affect can be the result of different neurological and psychological conditions.
What is the difference between psychosis and Schitzo? ›Psychosis and schizophrenia aren't the same things. Psychosis is an experience that involves a disruption in your interpretation of reality. Schizophrenia is a mental health condition involving symptoms like psychosis. You can experience psychosis because of a number of mental and physical conditions.
What is the hardest mental illness to live with? ›
Individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPDs) become overwhelmed and incapacitated by the intensity of their emotions, whether it is joy and elation or depression, anxiety, and rage. They are unable to manage these intense emotions.
What are anosognosia conditions? ›Anosognosia is a neurological condition in which the patient is unaware of their neurological deficit or psychiatric condition. It is associated with mental illness, dementia, and structural brain lesion, as is seen in right hemisphere stroke patients.
Can people with BPD drive? ›However, these data indicate that individuals with BPD appear to be at greater risk for reckless driving, both moving and nonmoving offenses, thus supporting this poorly researched subcriterion that is so often encountered in assessments for BPD.
What are 5 psychotic features of psychosis? ›- delusions.
- hallucinations.
- disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or incoherence)
- grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior.
Disorganized or abnormal motor behavior refers to unusual behaviors and movements: becoming unusually active, exhibiting silly child-like behaviors (giggling and self-absorbed smiling), engaging in repeated and purposeless movements, or displaying odd facial expressions and gestures.
What is the most common feature of psychosis? ›This might involve hallucinations or delusions. The two main symptoms of psychosis are: hallucinations – where a person hears, sees and, in some cases, feels, smells or tastes things that aren't there; a common hallucination is hearing voices.
What neurological disorders cause psychosis? ›Neurological conditions that may cause psychosis include brain tumors, cerebrovascular disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, auditory or visual nerve injury or impairment, deafness, migraine, and infections of the central nervous system.
What do all psychotic disorders have in common? ›Psychotic disorders affect brain function by altering thoughts, beliefs or perceptions. People with a psychotic disorder may be convinced that someone is spying on them or following them, may hear voices or have the feeling that others are manipulating their thoughts.
What makes psychosis worse? ›People with a history of psychosis are more likely than others to have drug or alcohol misuse problems, or both. Some people use these substances as a way of managing psychotic symptoms. But substance abuse can make psychotic symptoms worse or cause other problems.
What is dissociative driving? ›Symptoms of dissociation while driving include feeling disconnected from surroundings or reality, feeling detached from oneself or one's body, and an inability to focus or concentrate on driving.
How do people act when they are dissociating? ›
Feeling your identity shift and change
Speak in a different voice or voices. Use a different name or names. Feel as if you are losing control to 'someone else' Experience different parts of your identity at different times.
Mental disorders which may be commonly confused with bipolar disorder include Borderline Personality Disorder , Schizoaffective Disorder, Unipolar Depression, and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder.
What jobs are good for bipolar? ›- librarian or library assistant.
- archivist.
- museum or gallery curator.
- gardener or landscaper.
- yoga or meditation teacher.
- massage or spa therapist.
- researcher.
- tutor.
1. Mariah Carey. Singer, songwriter, actress and producer Mariah Carey has won too many awards to list. The iconic artist opened up in 2018 about her 2001 diagnosis of bipolar disorder, in which she was hospitalized for a physical and mental breakdown.
What aggravates bipolar disorder? ›A stressful circumstance or situation often triggers the symptoms of bipolar disorder. Examples of stressful triggers include: the breakdown of a relationship. physical, sexual or emotional abuse.
Why do bipolar push family away? ›A bipolar person may avoid relationships because they don't feel good enough for other people. Sometimes these feelings come on quickly and cause those with mental health conditions to push away others in existing relationships. This can lead to social isolation.
What is the average age of death for someone with bipolar disorder? ›The life expectancy for someone with bipolar disorder is approximately 67 years old. A 2021 study researched the effect of bipolar disorder on longevity and found that: risk of death is 2.6 times greater than the general population. the average life span is between 8–12 years shorter than the general population.
How can depression affect your ability to drive? ›Depression can interfere with sleep schedules, leading to drowsy driving. Moreover, it may cause someone to abuse alcohol or drugs, which could result in intoxicated driving.
Does mental stress affect driving? ›Any emotion—stress, anger, fatigue, sadness, and more—can influence your ability to focus on the road, make good decisions, and comply with traffic regulations. Stress has a direct link to increased driver aggression, meaning you're more likely to make irrational driving moves, speed, or have a nasty case of road rage.
How could mental distraction affect a driver's ability to operate his or her vehicle? ›Cognitive distractions can reduce brain activity in parts of the brain you need to safely operate a motor vehicle. Thinking about something else could take away from visual information processing and spatial awareness, for example.
How can personality affect a person's driving habits? ›
Openness to experience is a good factor for predicting negativism in traffic, while low conscientiousness is a predictor of driving anger. The more organized, well-behaved, and calm you are, the lower the chances you would cause any trouble on the road.
Do people with anxiety struggle to drive? ›People who have an anxiety disorder may experience symptoms while driving. For example, GAD may cause someone to have difficulty concentrating or making decisions while driving. This may lead to a person losing confidence in their driving ability.
Can you drive with depersonalization? ›So remember -- you are absolutely safe when driving with Depersonalization! Yes, feelings of dissociation while driving can seem scary initially, but don't let anxiety stop you from doing any of your day-to-day activities, and that 100% includes driving. Get into your car and drive, even if it's for a short distance.
Why do I get overwhelmed when driving? ›You might experience driving anxiety if you've recently been in an accident or if you worry about getting into a fatal accident. Some people have anxiety while driving due to generally being a nervous person. When this is the case, they can eliminate triggers, things in their life that are making their anxiety worse.
Is emotional distress associated with driving? ›Intense feelings of worry, anxiety, depression, or excitement are all risks on the road. These are distractions that impair a driver's ability to identify or predict potentially dangerous situations. Intense emotional feelings also cause drivers to experience delayed reaction times and “tunnel vision” in some cases.
What are 3 behaviors that cause distracted driving? ›Sending a text message, talking on a cell phone, using a navigation system, and eating while driving are a few examples of distracted driving.
When a driver's mental focus is in something other than driving? ›Driver Inattention and Distracted Driving
When a driver's awareness and focus drift to anything other than the driving task, it is called driver inattention .
- Eating in the car. Drivers who eat behind the wheel are seriously limiting their ability to respond to an accident. ...
- Talking to Passengers. The most distracting passengers are often children and pets. ...
- Electronic Device Use. ...
- Grooming.
ISFJ: The Driver - Drive
ISFJs can relate to Gosling's character as the reliable and skilled driver in Drive.
- Becoming Reactionary. This is the area where bad drivers can impact good drivers. ...
- Treating The Road Like a Race Track. The road is not a place to engage in competitiveness. ...
- Aggressive Actions. ...
- Taking Too Many Risks. ...
- Distracted Driving.
What is most driving behavior based on? ›
Driving behavior is based on risk perception rather than actual risk. Risk acceptance is a natural part of driving. Two factors the driver cannot control in risk management are the roadway and environment. Visibility, space and time are the driver's best defenses against risk.